Python-自动签到(Post请求)

主要解决有些网站手动签到，使用 `Cookie` 来进行登录，故存在 Cookie 过期问题，也就相当于每天签一次变成按Cookie有效期签一次

## 获取请求
以下我将使用 [godlike](https://panel.godlike.host/) 服务器手动续签来举例
1. 打开要签到的网站并登录账号
电脑会保存登录帐号生成的 Cookie，一会一并提取
2. 打开签到所在的页面，打开 `开发者工具(F12)——网络(Network)`
![](/media/202310/2023-10-20_175400_2525270.43940841731940583.png)
注意，一定要到签到最后一步的页面(如 百度贴吧点击签到还会让填写签到内容的，填写都完成后最后一步提交才是我们要的页面)
3. 点击签到，然后查看网络日志
可以通过响应来找，一般签到后的提示就是响应的内容
![](/media/202310/2023-10-20_180220_3074720.9640741625846798.png)
4. 提取关键信息
`请求URL、请求方法、响应标头(包含Cookie)`
![](/media/202310/2023-10-20_180030_2328100.4104247707692007.png)

## 编写 Python 脚本实现自动化
这种是最简单的，godlike因为在签到前会获取最新TOKEN参与签到提交，故TOKEN更新后就作废(实测一天过期)
```python
import requests  # 使用 pip install requests 安装

# 请求的 URL
url = "https://panel.godlike.host/api/client/servers/23b915a5-91c3-4cdc-bc2a-fb4131752c24/addtime"
# 请求标头
headers = {
    # 本质就是把请求标头中的按照下列格式填入
    # "参数名称":"参数值",
    "Accept": "application/json",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
    "Content-Length": "0",
    "Cookie": "xxx",  # 替换为你的Cookie
    "Dnt": "1",
    "Origin": "https://panel.godlike.host",
    "Referer": "https://panel.godlike.host/server/23b915a5",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua": "\"Chromium\";v=\"118\", \"Microsoft Edge\";v=\"118\", \"Not=A?Brand\";v=\"99\"",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile": "?0",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform": "\"Windows\"",
    "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
    "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
    "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/118.0.2088.46",
    "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
    "X-Xsrf-Token": "xxx"  # 替换为你的X-Xsrf-Token
}

# 使用 post 方式请求,最大等待时间5分钟
response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, timeout=300)

# 返回请求情况
if response.status_code == 204:
    print("请求成功，状态码为204 No Content")
else:
    print(f"请求失败，状态码为{response.status_code}")
    print(f"错误信息: {response.text}")
```
这个脚本配合定期运行就可以实现自动签到
如群晖的任务计划：`python /volume1/nas/godlike/godlike.py > /volume1/nas/godlike/godlike.log`

### 基于获取参数再进行签到
解决 godlike 每次签到前要先获取最新TOKEN，再带入签到提交的cookie
```python
import requests # 请求
from urllib.parse import unquote  # URL编码转字符串

# 服务器相关ID,Overview 页面下可查看
ID = "xxx"  # ID
SERVER_ID = "xxx"  # 服务器ID
# F12提取,remember_web_59ba36addc2b2f9401580f014c7f58ea4e30989d 参数值,本质就是帐号的 cookie
# 注意使用结尾为%3D的,不要转换为=的
Cookie = "xxx"

# 先获取最新的 TOKEN,续时间时需要
url1 = f"https://panel.godlike.host/api/client/servers/{SERVER_ID}/players"
headers1 = {
    "Accept": "application/json",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
    # Cookie 一般不需要更改,若修改有些信息为固定的,自行替换,注意保持格式
    "Cookie": f"_gcl_au=1.1.1126357110.1697169092; sbjs_migrations=1418474375998%3D1; sbjs_current_add=fd%3D2023-10-13%2011%3A51%3A33%7C%7C%7Cep%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fgodlike.host%2Fgame-servers-free-en%7C%7C%7Crf%3D%28none%29; sbjs_first_add=fd%3D2023-10-13%2011%3A51%3A33%7C%7C%7Cep%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fgodlike.host%2Fgame-servers-free-en%7C%7C%7Crf%3D%28none%29; sbjs_current=typ%3Dtypein%7C%7C%7Csrc%3D%28direct%29%7C%7C%7Cmdm%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccmp%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccnt%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ctrm%3D%28none%29; sbjs_first=typ%3Dtypein%7C%7C%7Csrc%3D%28direct%29%7C%7C%7Cmdm%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccmp%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccnt%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ctrm%3D%28none%29; _ga=GA1.1.1783439723.1697171473; _ga_BZ5WW4P6JQ=GS1.1.1697188687.2.1.1697188882.60.0.0; remember_web_59ba36addc2b2f9401580f014c7f58ea4e30989d={Cookie}; _clck=33dj59|2|fg1|0|1381; _clsk=3b0zk9|1697862838283|1|1|p.clarity.ms/collect; sbjs_udata=vst%3D13%7C%7C%7Cuip%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Cuag%3DMozilla%2F5.0%20%28Windows%20NT%2010.0%3B%20Win64%3B%20x64%29%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20%28KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko%29%20Chrome%2F118.0.0.0%20Safari%2F537.36%20Edg%2F118.0.2088.57",
    "Dnt": "1",
    "Referer": f"https://panel.godlike.host/server/{ID}",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua": "\"Chromium\";v=\"118\", \"Microsoft Edge\";v=\"118\", \"Not=A?Brand\";v=\"99\"",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile": "?0",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform": "\"Windows\"",
    "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
    "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
    "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/118.0.2088.57",
    "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest"
}
response1 = requests.get(url1, headers=headers1, timeout=300)  # 最大等待时间5分钟
if response1.status_code // 100 == 2:  # 整除后为判断2开头(均为请求成功)
    print(f"请求成功,状态码为{response1.status_code}")
    # 获取最新 TOKEN
    pterodactyl_session = response1.cookies.get('pterodactyl_session')
    XSRF_TOKEN = response1.cookies.get('XSRF-TOKEN')
    # 测试使用,显示是否能获取到参数
    # print(f"pterodactyl_session 的值为: {pterodactyl_session}")
    # print(f"XSRF-TOKEN 的值为: {XSRF_TOKEN}")
    # print(f"信息: {response1.text}")
else:
    print(f"请求失败,状态码为{response1.status_code}")
    print(f"错误信息: {response1.text}")

# 续时间,带入刚获取的 TOKEN
url2 = f"https://panel.godlike.host/api/client/servers/{SERVER_ID}/addtime"
headers2 = {
    "Accept": "application/json",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
    "Content-Length": "0",
    # Cookie 一般不需要更改,若修改有些信息为固定的,自行替换,注意保持格式(pterodactyl_session,XSRF_TOKEN)
    "Cookie": f"_gcl_au=1.1.1126357110.1697169092; sbjs_migrations=1418474375998%3D1; sbjs_current_add=fd%3D2023-10-13%2011%3A51%3A33%7C%7C%7Cep%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fgodlike.host%2Fgame-servers-free-en%7C%7C%7Crf%3D%28none%29; sbjs_first_add=fd%3D2023-10-13%2011%3A51%3A33%7C%7C%7Cep%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fgodlike.host%2Fgame-servers-free-en%7C%7C%7Crf%3D%28none%29; sbjs_current=typ%3Dtypein%7C%7C%7Csrc%3D%28direct%29%7C%7C%7Cmdm%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccmp%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccnt%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ctrm%3D%28none%29; sbjs_first=typ%3Dtypein%7C%7C%7Csrc%3D%28direct%29%7C%7C%7Cmdm%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccmp%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ccnt%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Ctrm%3D%28none%29; _ga=GA1.1.1783439723.1697171473; _ga_BZ5WW4P6JQ=GS1.1.1697188687.2.1.1697188882.60.0.0; remember_web_59ba36addc2b2f9401580f014c7f58ea4e30989d={Cookie}; _clck=33dj59|2|fg1|0|1381; _clsk=3b0zk9|1697862838283|1|1|p.clarity.ms/collect; sbjs_udata=vst%3D13%7C%7C%7Cuip%3D%28none%29%7C%7C%7Cuag%3DMozilla%2F5.0%20%28Windows%20NT%2010.0%3B%20Win64%3B%20x64%29%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20%28KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko%29%20Chrome%2F118.0.0.0%20Safari%2F537.36%20Edg%2F118.0.2088.57; XSRF-TOKEN={XSRF_TOKEN}; pterodactyl_session={pterodactyl_session}",
    "Dnt": "1",
    "Origin": "https://panel.godlike.host",
    "Referer": "https://panel.godlike.host/server/{ID}",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua": "\"Chromium\";v=\"118\", \"Microsoft Edge\";v=\"118\", \"Not=A?Brand\";v=\"99\"",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile": "?0",
    "Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform": "\"Windows\"",
    "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
    "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
    "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/118.0.2088.57",
    "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
    # X-Xsrf-Token == XSRF_TOKEN,但是要使用unquote把URL编码转换成常规的
    "X-Xsrf-Token": f"{unquote(XSRF_TOKEN)}"
}
response2 = requests.post(url2, headers=headers2, timeout=300)  # 最大等待时间5分钟
if response2.status_code // 100 == 2:  # 整除后为判断2开头(均为请求成功)
    print(f"请求成功,状态码为{response2.status_code}")
else:
    print(f"请求失败,状态码为{response2.status_code}")
    print(f"错误信息: {response2.text}")
```

**相关教程：**
[教你写个网页自动签到脚本](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43687568/article/details/108447112)
[简单实用的Chrom浏览器模拟POST请求方式](https://blog.csdn.net/I_peter/article/details/114015447)